术语表与阅读清单
Glossary and reading list
术语表
Glossary
按"第一次在哪里被解释"排序；更长的解释在物理与统计页。
Ordered by where each is first explained; longer explanations are on the physics and statistics page.
| 术语Term | 一句话定义One-line definition |
|---|---|
| XMM-Newton / EPICXMM-Newton / EPIC | ESA 的 X 射线天文台；EPIC 是它的三台成像相机（MOS1、MOS2、pn）。ESA's X-ray observatory; EPIC is its three imaging cameras (MOS1, MOS2, pn). |
| MOS1/MOS2MOS1/MOS2 | 两台 MOS CCD 相机；本项目的基准（T01）。各有 7 片 CCD；MOS1 的 CCD3/6 在 2012/2005 年失效。the two MOS CCD cameras; this project's basis (T01). Seven CCDs each; MOS1's CCD3/6 were lost in 2012/2005. |
| pnpn | 第三台 EPIC 相机；只做交叉检查（T01），QPB 被高估 2–29 %（I014）。the third EPIC camera; cross-check only (T01), QPB over-normalised by 2–29 % (I014). |
| 离轴角 \(\theta\)Off-axis angle \(\theta\) | 天空位置到指向中心（RA_PNT/DEC_PNT）的角距；不是到档案目标（RT-M08）。angular distance of a sky position from the pointing centre (RA_PNT/DEC_PNT); not from the archive target (RT-M08). |
| vignettingvignetting | 望远镜有效面积随 \(\theta\) 的下降；光子有，粒子背景没有或不同。the fall of the telescope's effective area with \(\theta\); photons have it, particle backgrounds do not, or differently. |
| QPB（准静态粒子背景）QPB (quiescent particle background) | 准静态粒子背景；高能带电粒子打出的、无 vignetting 的背景；ESAS 用角区（corner）+ FWC 模板归一。the quiescent particle background; unvignetted, made by energetic particles; ESAS normalises it from the corners plus FWC templates. |
| SP（软质子）SP (soft protons) | 软质子；被磁场聚焦的太阳风/磁层质子，随时间涨落，vignetting 比光子平（Kuntz & Snowden 2008）。soft protons; solar-wind/magnetospheric protons focused by the magnetic field, time-variable, vignetting flatter than photons (Kuntz & Snowden 2008). |
| FWC（滤光轮关闭校准）FWC (filter wheel closed) | 滤光轮关闭校准数据：快门关着采的纯粒子背景，QPB 模板的来源。filter-wheel-closed calibration data: pure particle background taken with the shutter closed; the source of QPB templates. |
| 角区（corner）Corner (corner) | 视场（FoV）外的 CCD 像素；只看粒子，是 QPB 的示踪器（注意定义：ESAS 的 corner 与 FLAG 掩膜的不同，r 相差 2.48 vs 3.39，RT-M46）。CCD pixels outside the field of view; particles only, the QPB tracer (mind the definition: ESAS's corner differs from the FLAG-mask corner, r 2.48 vs 3.39, RT-M46). |
| GTI（好时间间隔）GTI (good time interval) | 好时间间隔；扣掉耀发后的干净曝光时段。good time intervals; the clean exposure windows left after flare removal. |
| ARF / RMFARF / RMF | ancillary response function（有效面积 \(\times\) 能量）与 redistribution matrix（能量→通道）；谱拟合的"仪器翻译"。the ancillary response function (effective area \(\times\) energy) and the redistribution matrix (energy → channel); the instrument's "translation" in spectral fitting. |
| BACKSCALBACKSCAL | 谱的提取面积（相对全视场）；谱的面积永远是它（PI 2026-10-13）。the extraction area of a spectrum (relative to the full field); the spectrum's area is always this (PI 2026-10-13). |
| ESASESAS | XMM 弥漫辐射减数据方法（Kuntz & Snowden 一系），SAS 里的 mos-spectra/mos_back 等任务；本项目的减数据层。the XMM diffuse-emission reduction method (the Kuntz & Snowden lineage), the SAS tasks mos-spectra/mos_back etc.; this project's reduction layer. |
| cheesecheese | ESAS 的点源掩膜产品；1 = 可用（RT-M36）。ESAS's point-source mask product; 1 = usable (RT-M36). |
| Sherpa / xsherpaSherpa / xsherpa | CIAO 的谱拟合框架 / 本项目在它之上的拟合前端（模板、SP delta 响应、分组）。CIAO's spectral-fitting framework / this project's front-end on top of it (templates, SP delta response, grouping). |
| cstat / chi2gehrelscstat / chi2gehrels | 两个拟合统计量：Cash（泊松似然，用未扣减谱）与 Gehrels \(\chi^2\)（用扣减后的净计数）。the two fit statistics: Cash (Poisson likelihood, on un-subtracted data) and Gehrels \(\chi^2\) (on subtracted net counts). |
| 天空成分Sky components | LB（本地泡）、MW halo（银河晕）、热晕（0.7 keV apec）、CXB（未分辨宇宙 X 射线背景）；必须跨观测相同的量。LB (local bubble), MW halo, hot halo (0.7 keV apec), CXB (unresolved cosmic X-ray background); the quantities that must be the same across observations. |
| 边缘变亮Edge brightening | 症状：拼接图向外变亮；本项目的靶子。the symptom: mosaics brighten outward; this project's target. |
| 考试 / problem / caseExam / problem / case | 基准测试：一块固定天域（problem）\(\times\) 一个 ObsID\(\times\)相机（case）；答案必须跨 case 一致。the benchmark: one fixed sky cell (problem) \(\times\) one ObsID\(\times\)camera (case); the answers must agree across cases. |
| 红队Red team | 对一条结论的独立再分析，带可运行的检验；发现以记录为准。an independent re-analysis of a claim with runnable checks; its findings, once recorded, win. |
| 信任分级Trust tiers | Trusted / Provisional / Questioned / Deprecated；每条结论一个等级。Trusted / Provisional / Questioned / Deprecated; one tier per conclusion. |
来源：Source: cognition-os/00_AI_BRIEFING.md, cognition-os/03_TRUST_TABLE.md, MosaicSelfCal/cognition-os/03_TRUST_TABLE.md T12, cognition-os/PITFALLS.md
阅读清单
Reading list
只列项目记录实际引用过的文献；每条一行"为什么重要"。完整书目在论文草稿页。
Only papers the project's records actually cite; one line each on why it matters. The full bibliography is on the paper-draft page.
- Moretti et al. 2003（ApJ）——未分辨 CXB 的 logN-logS 与 \(I(<5\times10^{-15})=2.23\times10^{-12}\) erg/s/cm\(^2\)/deg\(^2\)：本项目固定 CXB 的出处（RT-M07 核对了它的算法与量纲）。Moretti et al. 2003 (ApJ) — the unresolved-CXB logN-logS and \(I(<5\times10^{-15})=2.23\times10^{-12}\) erg/s/cm\(^2\)/deg\(^2\): the source of this project's fixed CXB (RT-M07 checked its arithmetic and band).
- Kuntz & Snowden 2008（ApJ）——SP 的 vignetting 比光子平：T12 质疑"SP 在探测器上均匀"的文献依据，也是 R18 系列测 SP 空间分布的出发点。Kuntz & Snowden 2008 (ApJ) — SP vignetting is flatter than photons: the literature basis that questioned "SP is uniform on the detector" (T12), and the starting point of the R18 series measuring SP's spatial distribution.
- HM06 与 Lehmer et al. 2012——现代 CXB 总水平：RT-M07 用它们标定 Moretti 总量偏低 8–17 % 的系统误差。HM06 and Lehmer et al. 2012 — modern CXB totals: RT-M07 used them to calibrate the 8–17 % low systematic of the Moretti total.
- ESAS 文档与 SAS 任务（mos-spectra、mos_back、proton）——减数据层的官方定义；本项目对它们的每次使用都记录了版本与校准输入（D027）。The ESAS documentation and SAS tasks (mos-spectra, mos_back, proton) — the official definitions of the reduction layer; every use here records its versions and calibration inputs (D027).
- DerSimonian & Laird 1986——随机效应合并：考试分数 \(\tau/\bar{I}\) 与边缘步长误差的统计基础（BENCHMARK.md、RT-M45）。DerSimonian & Laird 1986 — random-effects pooling: the statistical basis of the exam score \(\tau/\bar{I}\) and the edge-step errors (BENCHMARK.md, RT-M45).
- 项目的两个工具仓库——
esas_data_reduction与xsherpa的 CHANGELOG 与 golden case：所有版本化结论的锚点（D015）。The project's two tool repos — the CHANGELOGs and golden cases ofesas_data_reductionandxsherpa: the anchor of every versioned conclusion (D015).
来源：Source: cognition-os/REDTEAM_QUEUE.md RT-M07 行row, MosaicSelfCal/cognition-os/03_TRUST_TABLE.md T12, MosaicSelfCal/BENCHMARK.md, cognition-os/tool_iteration.md